This scoring scheme is for weakly-similar AT-rich DNA (~27% substitutions and ~77% A+T) (MC Frith, NAR 2011 39(4):e23). It uses this matrix:
A C G T A 2 -3 -2 -3 C -3 5 -3 -2 G -2 -3 5 -3 T -3 -2 -3 2
It sets these default lastal parameter values: -a15 -b2
This scoring scheme is for strongly-similar AT-rich DNA (~4% substitutions and ~76% A+T). It is also suitable for sequences with more than 4% substitution errors, if the excess error rate is explained by quality scores. It uses this matrix:
A C G T A 4 -12 -12 -12 C -12 9 -12 -12 G -12 -12 9 -12 T -12 -12 -12 4
It sets these default lastal parameter values: -a24 -b6
This scoring scheme is for aligning bisulfite-converted DNA forward strands to a closely-related genome (MC Frith, R Mori, K Asai, NAR 2012 40(13):e100). It uses this matrix:
A C G T A 6 -18 -18 -18 C -18 6 -18 3 G -18 -18 6 -18 T -18 -18 -18 3
It sets these default lastal parameter values: -a21 -b9
This scoring scheme is for aligning bisulfite-converted DNA reverse strands to a closely-related genome (MC Frith, R Mori, K Asai, NAR 2012 40(13):e100). It uses this matrix:
A C G T A 3 -18 -18 -18 C -18 6 -18 -18 G 3 -18 6 -18 T -18 -18 -18 6
It sets these default lastal parameter values: -a21 -b9
This protein scoring scheme is quite good at finding long-and-weak similarities, and not terrible at short-and-strong similarities (S Henikoff & JG Henikoff, PNAS 1992 89(22):10915-9). It uses this matrix:
A R N D C Q E G H I L K M F P S T W Y V B J Z X * A 4 -1 -2 -2 0 -1 -1 0 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -1 1 0 -3 -2 0 -2 -1 -1 -1 -4 R -1 5 0 -2 -3 1 0 -2 0 -3 -2 2 -1 -3 -2 -1 -1 -3 -2 -3 -1 -2 0 -1 -4 N -2 0 6 1 -3 0 0 0 1 -3 -3 0 -2 -3 -2 1 0 -4 -2 -3 4 -3 0 -1 -4 D -2 -2 1 6 -3 0 2 -1 -1 -3 -4 -1 -3 -3 -1 0 -1 -4 -3 -3 4 -3 1 -1 -4 C 0 -3 -3 -3 9 -3 -4 -3 -3 -1 -1 -3 -1 -2 -3 -1 -1 -2 -2 -1 -3 -1 -3 -1 -4 Q -1 1 0 0 -3 5 2 -2 0 -3 -2 1 0 -3 -1 0 -1 -2 -1 -2 0 -2 4 -1 -4 E -1 0 0 2 -4 2 5 -2 0 -3 -3 1 -2 -3 -1 0 -1 -3 -2 -2 1 -3 4 -1 -4 G 0 -2 0 -1 -3 -2 -2 6 -2 -4 -4 -2 -3 -3 -2 0 -2 -2 -3 -3 -1 -4 -2 -1 -4 H -2 0 1 -1 -3 0 0 -2 8 -3 -3 -1 -2 -1 -2 -1 -2 -2 2 -3 0 -3 0 -1 -4 I -1 -3 -3 -3 -1 -3 -3 -4 -3 4 2 -3 1 0 -3 -2 -1 -3 -1 3 -3 3 -3 -1 -4 L -1 -2 -3 -4 -1 -2 -3 -4 -3 2 4 -2 2 0 -3 -2 -1 -2 -1 1 -4 3 -3 -1 -4 K -1 2 0 -1 -3 1 1 -2 -1 -3 -2 5 -1 -3 -1 0 -1 -3 -2 -2 0 -3 1 -1 -4 M -1 -1 -2 -3 -1 0 -2 -3 -2 1 2 -1 5 0 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -3 2 -1 -1 -4 F -2 -3 -3 -3 -2 -3 -3 -3 -1 0 0 -3 0 6 -4 -2 -2 1 3 -1 -3 0 -3 -1 -4 P -1 -2 -2 -1 -3 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -1 -2 -4 7 -1 -1 -4 -3 -2 -2 -3 -1 -1 -4 S 1 -1 1 0 -1 0 0 0 -1 -2 -2 0 -1 -2 -1 4 1 -3 -2 -2 0 -2 0 -1 -4 T 0 -1 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -1 1 5 -2 -2 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -4 W -3 -3 -4 -4 -2 -2 -3 -2 -2 -3 -2 -3 -1 1 -4 -3 -2 11 2 -3 -4 -2 -2 -1 -4 Y -2 -2 -2 -3 -2 -1 -2 -3 2 -1 -1 -2 -1 3 -3 -2 -2 2 7 -1 -3 -1 -2 -1 -4 V 0 -3 -3 -3 -1 -2 -2 -3 -3 3 1 -2 1 -1 -2 -2 0 -3 -1 4 -3 2 -2 -1 -4 B -2 -1 4 4 -3 0 1 -1 0 -3 -4 0 -3 -3 -2 0 -1 -4 -3 -3 4 -3 0 -1 -4 J -1 -2 -3 -3 -1 -2 -3 -4 -3 3 3 -3 2 0 -3 -2 -1 -2 -1 2 -3 3 -3 -1 -4 Z -1 0 0 1 -3 4 4 -2 0 -3 -3 1 -1 -3 -1 0 -1 -2 -2 -2 0 -3 4 -1 -4 X -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -4 * -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 1
This protein scoring scheme is good for finding somewhat strong, and short, similarities. (S Henikoff & JG Henikoff, PNAS 1992 89(22):10915-9). It uses this matrix:
A R N D C Q E G H I L K M F P S T W Y V B J Z X * A 5 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 0 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -3 -1 1 0 -3 -2 0 -2 -2 -1 -1 -6 R -2 6 -1 -2 -4 1 -1 -3 0 -3 -3 2 -2 -4 -2 -1 -1 -4 -3 -3 -1 -3 0 -1 -6 N -2 -1 6 1 -3 0 -1 -1 0 -4 -4 0 -3 -4 -3 0 0 -4 -3 -4 5 -4 0 -1 -6 D -2 -2 1 6 -4 -1 1 -2 -2 -4 -5 -1 -4 -4 -2 -1 -1 -6 -4 -4 5 -5 1 -1 -6 C -1 -4 -3 -4 9 -4 -5 -4 -4 -2 -2 -4 -2 -3 -4 -2 -1 -3 -3 -1 -4 -2 -4 -1 -6 Q -1 1 0 -1 -4 6 2 -2 1 -3 -3 1 0 -4 -2 0 -1 -3 -2 -3 0 -3 4 -1 -6 E -1 -1 -1 1 -5 2 6 -3 0 -4 -4 1 -2 -4 -2 0 -1 -4 -3 -3 1 -4 5 -1 -6 G 0 -3 -1 -2 -4 -2 -3 6 -3 -5 -4 -2 -4 -4 -3 -1 -2 -4 -4 -4 -1 -5 -3 -1 -6 H -2 0 0 -2 -4 1 0 -3 8 -4 -3 -1 -2 -2 -3 -1 -2 -3 2 -4 -1 -4 0 -1 -6 I -2 -3 -4 -4 -2 -3 -4 -5 -4 5 1 -3 1 -1 -4 -3 -1 -3 -2 3 -4 3 -4 -1 -6 L -2 -3 -4 -5 -2 -3 -4 -4 -3 1 4 -3 2 0 -3 -3 -2 -2 -2 1 -4 3 -3 -1 -6 K -1 2 0 -1 -4 1 1 -2 -1 -3 -3 5 -2 -4 -1 -1 -1 -4 -3 -3 -1 -3 1 -1 -6 M -1 -2 -3 -4 -2 0 -2 -4 -2 1 2 -2 6 0 -3 -2 -1 -2 -2 1 -3 2 -1 -1 -6 F -3 -4 -4 -4 -3 -4 -4 -4 -2 -1 0 -4 0 6 -4 -3 -2 0 3 -1 -4 0 -4 -1 -6 P -1 -2 -3 -2 -4 -2 -2 -3 -3 -4 -3 -1 -3 -4 8 -1 -2 -5 -4 -3 -2 -4 -2 -1 -6 S 1 -1 0 -1 -2 0 0 -1 -1 -3 -3 -1 -2 -3 -1 5 1 -4 -2 -2 0 -3 0 -1 -6 T 0 -1 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -1 -2 -1 -1 -2 -2 1 5 -4 -2 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -6 W -3 -4 -4 -6 -3 -3 -4 -4 -3 -3 -2 -4 -2 0 -5 -4 -4 11 2 -3 -5 -3 -3 -1 -6 Y -2 -3 -3 -4 -3 -2 -3 -4 2 -2 -2 -3 -2 3 -4 -2 -2 2 7 -2 -3 -2 -3 -1 -6 V 0 -3 -4 -4 -1 -3 -3 -4 -4 3 1 -3 1 -1 -3 -2 0 -3 -2 4 -4 2 -3 -1 -6 B -2 -1 5 5 -4 0 1 -1 -1 -4 -4 -1 -3 -4 -2 0 -1 -5 -3 -4 5 -4 0 -1 -6 J -2 -3 -4 -5 -2 -3 -4 -5 -4 3 3 -3 2 0 -4 -3 -1 -3 -2 2 -4 3 -3 -1 -6 Z -1 0 0 1 -4 4 5 -3 0 -4 -3 1 -1 -4 -2 0 -1 -3 -3 -3 0 -3 5 -1 -6 X -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -6 * -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 1
This scoring scheme is often used for weak DNA similarities (F Chiaromonte, VB Yap, W Miller, PSB 2002:115-126). It uses this matrix:
A C G T N A 91 -114 -31 -123 -100 C -114 100 -125 -31 -100 G -31 -125 100 -114 -100 T -123 -31 -114 91 -100 N -100 -100 -100 -100 -100
It sets these default lastal parameter values: -a400 -b30
This scoring scheme is for finding remote protein homologs (K Yamada & K Tomii, Bioinformatics 2014 30(3):317-25). It uses this matrix:
A R N D C Q E G H I L K M F P S T W Y V B J Z X * A 3 -1 0 0 2 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 0 1 1 -4 -2 0 0 -1 0 -1 -6 R -1 6 0 -1 -3 2 -1 -2 1 -2 -3 3 -1 -3 -1 0 -1 -4 -2 -2 -1 -2 -1 -1 -6 N 0 0 5 3 -2 1 1 0 1 -4 -4 1 -2 -3 -1 1 0 -5 -1 -3 4 -4 1 -1 -6 D 0 -1 3 6 -4 1 3 -1 0 -5 -5 0 -3 -6 0 0 0 -5 -4 -3 5 -5 3 -1 -6 C 2 -3 -2 -4 12 -3 -3 -2 -1 0 -2 -3 0 -3 -3 1 0 -6 -1 2 -3 -1 -3 -1 -6 Q 0 2 1 1 -3 4 2 -2 1 -2 -2 2 0 -2 0 0 0 -5 -3 -2 1 -2 2 -1 -6 E 0 -1 1 3 -3 2 4 -1 0 -3 -3 1 -2 -4 0 0 0 -6 -2 -2 2 -3 4 -1 -6 G 0 -2 0 -1 -2 -2 -1 8 -2 -5 -5 -2 -4 -5 -2 0 -2 -5 -4 -4 -1 -5 -1 -1 -6 H -1 1 1 0 -1 1 0 -2 7 -2 -2 0 -2 0 -2 0 0 0 2 -2 0 -2 0 -1 -6 I -1 -2 -4 -5 0 -2 -3 -5 -2 5 3 -2 2 1 -4 -3 -1 -1 -1 3 -5 4 -3 -1 -6 L -1 -3 -4 -5 -2 -2 -3 -5 -2 3 5 -2 3 2 -3 -3 -2 0 0 2 -5 4 -3 -1 -6 K -1 3 1 0 -3 2 1 -2 0 -2 -2 4 -1 -4 0 0 0 -4 -2 -2 0 -2 1 -1 -6 M -1 -1 -2 -3 0 0 -2 -4 -2 2 3 -1 5 1 -3 -2 -1 -2 -1 1 -3 3 -2 -1 -6 F -2 -3 -3 -6 -3 -2 -4 -5 0 1 2 -4 1 7 -4 -3 -2 4 5 0 -5 2 -4 -1 -6 P 0 -1 -1 0 -3 0 0 -2 -2 -4 -3 0 -3 -4 8 0 0 -4 -5 -3 0 -3 0 -1 -6 S 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 -3 -3 0 -2 -3 0 3 2 -4 -2 -1 0 -3 0 -1 -6 T 1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 -2 0 -1 -2 0 -1 -2 0 2 4 -5 -2 0 0 -1 0 -1 -6 W -4 -4 -5 -5 -6 -5 -6 -5 0 -1 0 -4 -2 4 -4 -4 -5 15 5 -3 -5 0 -6 -1 -6 Y -2 -2 -1 -4 -1 -3 -2 -4 2 -1 0 -2 -1 5 -5 -2 -2 5 8 -1 -3 0 -2 -1 -6 V 0 -2 -3 -3 2 -2 -2 -4 -2 3 2 -2 1 0 -3 -1 0 -3 -1 4 -3 3 -2 -1 -6 B 0 -1 4 5 -3 1 2 -1 0 -5 -5 0 -3 -5 0 0 0 -5 -3 -3 5 -5 2 -1 -6 J -1 -2 -4 -5 -1 -2 -3 -5 -2 4 4 -2 3 2 -3 -3 -1 0 0 3 -5 4 -1 -1 -6 Z 0 -1 1 3 -3 2 4 -1 0 -3 -3 1 -2 -4 0 0 0 -6 -2 -2 2 -1 4 -1 -6 X -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -6 -6 * -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6 1
It sets these default lastal parameter values: -a13 -b2
This protein scoring scheme is good for finding very strong, and short, similarities (MO Dayhoff et al. 1978). It uses this matrix:
A R N D C Q E G H I L K M F P S T W Y V B Z X * A 7 -10 -7 -6 -10 -7 -5 -4 -11 -8 -9 -10 -8 -12 -4 -3 -3 -20 -11 -5 -6 -6 -6 -23 R -10 9 -9 -17 -11 -4 -15 -13 -4 -8 -12 -2 -7 -12 -7 -6 -10 -5 -14 -11 -11 -7 -9 -23 N -7 -9 9 -1 -17 -7 -5 -6 -2 -8 -10 -4 -15 -12 -9 -2 -5 -11 -7 -12 7 -6 -6 -23 D -6 -17 -1 8 -21 -6 0 -6 -7 -11 -19 -8 -17 -21 -12 -7 -8 -21 -17 -11 7 -1 -9 -23 C -10 -11 -17 -21 10 -20 -20 -13 -10 -9 -21 -20 -20 -19 -11 -6 -11 -22 -7 -9 -18 -20 -13 -23 Q -7 -4 -7 -6 -20 9 -1 -10 -2 -11 -8 -6 -7 -19 -6 -8 -9 -19 -18 -10 -6 7 -8 -23 E -5 -15 -5 0 -20 -1 8 -7 -9 -8 -13 -7 -10 -20 -9 -7 -9 -23 -11 -10 -1 7 -8 -23 G -4 -13 -6 -6 -13 -10 -7 7 -13 -17 -14 -10 -12 -12 -10 -4 -10 -21 -20 -9 -6 -8 -8 -23 H -11 -4 -2 -7 -10 -2 -9 -13 10 -13 -9 -10 -17 -9 -7 -9 -11 -10 -6 -9 -4 -4 -8 -23 I -8 -8 -8 -11 -9 -11 -8 -17 -13 9 -4 -9 -3 -5 -12 -10 -5 -20 -9 -1 -9 -9 -8 -23 L -9 -12 -10 -19 -21 -8 -13 -14 -9 -4 7 -11 -2 -5 -10 -12 -10 -9 -10 -5 -12 -10 -9 -23 K -10 -2 -4 -8 -20 -6 -7 -10 -10 -9 -11 7 -4 -20 -10 -7 -6 -18 -12 -13 -5 -6 -8 -23 M -8 -7 -15 -17 -20 -7 -10 -12 -17 -3 -2 -4 12 -7 -11 -8 -7 -19 -17 -4 -16 -8 -9 -23 F -12 -12 -12 -21 -19 -19 -20 -12 -9 -5 -5 -20 -7 9 -13 -9 -12 -7 -1 -12 -14 -20 -12 -23 P -4 -7 -9 -12 -11 -6 -9 -10 -7 -12 -10 -10 -11 -13 8 -4 -7 -20 -20 -9 -10 -7 -8 -23 S -3 -6 -2 -7 -6 -8 -7 -4 -9 -10 -12 -7 -8 -9 -4 7 -2 -8 -10 -10 -4 -8 -6 -23 T -3 -10 -5 -8 -11 -9 -9 -10 -11 -5 -10 -6 -7 -12 -7 -2 8 -19 -9 -6 -6 -9 -7 -23 W -20 -5 -11 -21 -22 -19 -23 -21 -10 -20 -9 -18 -19 -7 -20 -8 -19 13 -8 -22 -13 -21 -16 -23 Y -11 -14 -7 -17 -7 -18 -11 -20 -6 -9 -10 -12 -17 -1 -20 -10 -9 -8 10 -10 -9 -13 -11 -23 V -5 -11 -12 -11 -9 -10 -10 -9 -9 -1 -5 -13 -4 -12 -9 -10 -6 -22 -10 8 -11 -10 -8 -23 B -6 -11 7 7 -18 -6 -1 -6 -4 -9 -12 -5 -16 -14 -10 -4 -6 -13 -9 -11 7 -3 -8 -23 Z -6 -7 -6 -1 -20 7 7 -8 -4 -9 -10 -6 -8 -20 -7 -8 -9 -21 -13 -10 -3 7 -8 -23 X -6 -9 -6 -9 -13 -8 -8 -8 -8 -8 -9 -8 -9 -12 -8 -6 -7 -16 -11 -8 -8 -8 -8 -23 * -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23 1
It sets these default lastal parameter values: -a20 -b3
This protein scoring scheme is good for finding strong, and short, similarities (MO Dayhoff et al. 1978). It uses this matrix:
A R N D C Q E G H I L K M F P S T W Y V B J Z X * A 6 -7 -4 -3 -6 -4 -2 -2 -7 -5 -6 -7 -5 -8 -2 0 -1 -13 -8 -2 -3 -6 -3 -1 -17 R -7 8 -6 -10 -8 -2 -9 -9 -2 -5 -8 0 -4 -9 -4 -3 -6 -2 -10 -8 -7 -7 -4 -1 -17 N -4 -6 8 2 -11 -3 -2 -3 0 -5 -7 -1 -9 -9 -6 0 -2 -8 -4 -8 6 -6 -3 -1 -17 D -3 -10 2 8 -14 -2 2 -3 -4 -7 -12 -4 -11 -15 -8 -4 -5 -15 -11 -8 6 -10 1 -1 -17 C -6 -8 -11 -14 10 -14 -14 -9 -7 -6 -15 -14 -13 -13 -8 -3 -8 -15 -4 -6 -12 -9 -14 -1 -17 Q -4 -2 -3 -2 -14 8 1 -7 1 -8 -5 -3 -4 -13 -3 -5 -5 -13 -12 -7 -3 -5 6 -1 -17 E -2 -9 -2 2 -14 1 8 -4 -5 -5 -9 -4 -7 -14 -5 -4 -6 -17 -8 -6 1 -7 6 -1 -17 G -2 -9 -3 -3 -9 -7 -4 6 -9 -11 -10 -7 -8 -9 -6 -2 -6 -15 -14 -5 -3 -10 -5 -1 -17 H -7 -2 0 -4 -7 1 -5 -9 9 -9 -6 -6 -10 -6 -4 -6 -7 -7 -3 -6 -1 -7 -1 -1 -17 I -5 -5 -5 -7 -6 -8 -5 -11 -9 8 -1 -6 -1 -2 -8 -7 -2 -14 -6 2 -6 5 -6 -1 -17 L -6 -8 -7 -12 -15 -5 -9 -10 -6 -1 7 -8 1 -3 -7 -8 -7 -6 -7 -2 -9 6 -7 -1 -17 K -7 0 -1 -4 -14 -3 -4 -7 -6 -6 -8 7 -2 -14 -6 -4 -3 -12 -9 -9 -2 -7 -4 -1 -17 M -5 -4 -9 -11 -13 -4 -7 -8 -10 -1 1 -2 11 -4 -8 -5 -4 -13 -11 -1 -10 0 -5 -1 -17 F -8 -9 -9 -15 -13 -13 -14 -9 -6 -2 -3 -14 -4 9 -10 -6 -9 -4 2 -8 -10 -2 -13 -1 -17 P -2 -4 -6 -8 -8 -3 -5 -6 -4 -8 -7 -6 -8 -10 8 -2 -4 -14 -13 -6 -7 -7 -4 -1 -17 S 0 -3 0 -4 -3 -5 -4 -2 -6 -7 -8 -4 -5 -6 -2 6 0 -5 -7 -6 -1 -8 -5 -1 -17 T -1 -6 -2 -5 -8 -5 -6 -6 -7 -2 -7 -3 -4 -9 -4 0 7 -13 -6 -3 -3 -5 -6 -1 -17 W -13 -2 -8 -15 -15 -13 -17 -15 -7 -14 -6 -12 -13 -4 -14 -5 -13 13 -5 -15 -10 -7 -14 -1 -17 Y -8 -10 -4 -11 -4 -12 -8 -14 -3 -6 -7 -9 -11 2 -13 -7 -6 -5 10 -7 -6 -7 -9 -1 -17 V -2 -8 -8 -8 -6 -7 -6 -5 -6 2 -2 -9 -1 -8 -6 -6 -3 -15 -7 7 -8 0 -6 -1 -17 B -3 -7 6 6 -12 -3 1 -3 -1 -6 -9 -2 -10 -10 -7 -1 -3 -10 -6 -8 6 -8 0 -1 -17 J -6 -7 -6 -10 -9 -5 -7 -10 -7 5 6 -7 0 -2 -7 -8 -5 -7 -7 0 -8 6 -6 -1 -17 Z -3 -4 -3 1 -14 6 6 -5 -1 -6 -7 -4 -5 -13 -4 -5 -6 -14 -9 -6 0 -6 6 -1 -17 X -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -17 * -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 1
It sets these default lastal parameter values: -a13 -b3