Modifiers are used to change a variables' value, they are processed in the following order
Modify Variable's case
Only plain Latin (A-Z and a-z) are changed, no umlauts or similar characters..
upper case
lower case
Modify Variable's first character
Only the first character's case is changed, the rest of the string is unchanged
upper case
lower case
Escape Wildcards
Ensures that the expanded text will only match a literal occurrence if used as a parameter to :matches. Every character with special meaning ("*", "?", and "\") is prefixed with "\" in the expansion
Count the number of characters
variables are expanded before determining the number of characters.