/*
    PowerDNS Versatile Database Driven Nameserver
    Copyright (C) 2002 - 2013  PowerDNS.COM BV

    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2
    as published by the Free Software Foundation

    Additionally, the license of this program contains a special
    exception which allows to distribute the program in binary form when
    it is linked against OpenSSL.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
#include "packetcache.hh"

#include <cstdio>
#include <signal.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSODIUM
#include <sodium.h>
#endif

#include "dns.hh"
#include "dnsbackend.hh"
#include "ueberbackend.hh"
#include "dnspacket.hh"
#include "nameserver.hh"
#include "distributor.hh"
#include "logger.hh"
#include "arguments.hh"
#include "packethandler.hh"
#include "statbag.hh"
#include "tcpreceiver.hh"
#include "misc.hh"
#include "dynlistener.hh"
#include "dynhandler.hh"
#include "communicator.hh"
#include "dnsproxy.hh"
#include "utility.hh"
#include "common_startup.hh"
#include "dnsrecords.hh"
#include "version.hh"

time_t s_starttime;

string s_programname="pdns"; // used in packethandler.cc

const char *funnytext=
"*****************************************************************************\n"\
"Ok, you just ran pdns_server through 'strings' hoping to find funny messages.\n"\
"Well, you found one. \n"\
"Two ions are flying through their particle accelerator, says the one to the\n"
"other 'I think I've lost an electron!' \n"\
"So the other one says, 'Are you sure?'. 'YEAH! I'M POSITIVE!'\n"\
"                                            the pdns crew - pdns@powerdns.com\n"
"*****************************************************************************\n";


// start (sys)logging

/** \var Logger L 
\brief All logging is done via L, a Logger instance
*/


/**
\file receiver.cc
\brief The main loop of powerdns 

This file is where it all happens - main is here, as are the two pivotal threads qthread() and athread()
*/

void daemonize(void)
{
  if(fork())
    exit(0); // bye bye
  
  setsid(); 

  int i=open("/dev/null",O_RDWR); /* open stdin */
  if(i < 0) 
    L<<Logger::Critical<<"Unable to open /dev/null: "<<stringerror()<<endl;
  else {
    dup2(i,0); /* stdin */
    dup2(i,1); /* stderr */
    dup2(i,2); /* stderr */
    close(i);
  }
}

static int cpid;
static void takedown(int i)
{
  if(cpid) {
    L<<Logger::Error<<"Guardian is killed, taking down children with us"<<endl;
    kill(cpid,SIGKILL);
    exit(0);
  }
}

static void writePid(void)
{
  if(!::arg().mustDo("write-pid"))
    return;

  string fname=::arg()["socket-dir"];
  if (::arg()["socket-dir"].empty()) {
    if (::arg()["chroot"].empty())
      fname = LOCALSTATEDIR;
    else
      fname = ::arg()["chroot"] + "/";
  } else if (!::arg()["socket-dir"].empty() && !::arg()["chroot"].empty()) {
    fname = ::arg()["chroot"] + ::arg()["socket-dir"];
  }

  fname += + "/" + s_programname + ".pid";
  ofstream of(fname.c_str());
  if(of)
    of<<getpid()<<endl;
  else
    L<<Logger::Error<<"Writing pid for "<<getpid()<<" to "<<fname<<" failed: "<<strerror(errno)<<endl;
}

int g_fd1[2], g_fd2[2];
FILE *g_fp;
pthread_mutex_t g_guardian_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

// The next two methods are not in dynhandler.cc because they use a few items declared in this file.
static string DLCycleHandler(const vector<string>&parts, pid_t ppid)
{
  kill(cpid, SIGKILL); // why?
  kill(cpid, SIGKILL); // why?
  sleep(1);
  return "ok";
}

static string DLRestHandler(const vector<string>&parts, pid_t ppid)
{
  string line;
  
  for(vector<string>::const_iterator i=parts.begin();i!=parts.end();++i) {
    if(i!=parts.begin())
      line.append(1,' ');
    line.append(*i);
  }
  line.append(1,'\n');
  
  Lock l(&g_guardian_lock);

  try {
    writen2(g_fd1[1],line.c_str(),line.size()+1);
  }
  catch(PDNSException &ae) {
    return "Error communicating with instance: "+ae.reason;
  }
  char mesg[512];
  string response;
  while(fgets(mesg,sizeof(mesg),g_fp)) {
    if(*mesg=='\0')
      break;
    response+=mesg;
  }
  boost::trim_right(response);
  return response;
}



static int guardian(int argc, char **argv)
{
  if(isGuarded(argv))
    return 0;

  int infd=0, outfd=1;

  DynListener dlg(s_programname);
  dlg.registerFunc("QUIT",&DLQuitHandler, "quit daemon");
  dlg.registerFunc("CYCLE",&DLCycleHandler, "restart instance");
  dlg.registerFunc("PING",&DLPingHandler, "ping guardian");
  dlg.registerFunc("STATUS",&DLStatusHandler, "get instance status from guardian");
  dlg.registerRestFunc(&DLRestHandler);
  dlg.go();
  string progname=argv[0];

  bool first=true;
  cpid=0;

  pthread_mutex_lock(&g_guardian_lock);

  for(;;) {
    int pid;
    setStatus("Launching child");
    
    if(pipe(g_fd1)<0 || pipe(g_fd2)<0) {
      L<<Logger::Critical<<"Unable to open pipe for coprocess: "<<strerror(errno)<<endl;
      exit(1);
    }

    if(!(g_fp=fdopen(g_fd2[0],"r"))) {
      L<<Logger::Critical<<"Unable to associate a file pointer with pipe: "<<stringerror()<<endl;
      exit(1);
    }
    setbuf(g_fp,0); // no buffering please, confuses select

    if(!(pid=fork())) { // child
      signal(SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);

      signal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
      signal(SIGUSR1, SIG_DFL);
      signal(SIGUSR2, SIG_DFL);

      char **const newargv=new char*[argc+2];
      int n;

      if(::arg()["config-name"]!="") {
        progname+="-"+::arg()["config-name"];
        L<<Logger::Error<<"Virtual configuration name: "<<::arg()["config-name"]<<endl;
      }

      newargv[0]=strdup(const_cast<char *>((progname+"-instance").c_str()));
      for(n=1;n<argc;n++) {
        newargv[n]=argv[n];
      }
      newargv[n]=0;
      
      L<<Logger::Error<<"Guardian is launching an instance"<<endl;
      close(g_fd1[1]);
      fclose(g_fp); // this closes g_fd2[0] for us

      if(g_fd1[0]!= infd) {
        dup2(g_fd1[0], infd);
        close(g_fd1[0]);
      }

      if(g_fd2[1]!= outfd) {
        dup2(g_fd2[1], outfd);
        close(g_fd2[1]);
      }
      if(execvp(argv[0], newargv)<0) {
        L<<Logger::Error<<"Unable to execvp '"<<argv[0]<<"': "<<strerror(errno)<<endl;
        char **p=newargv;
        while(*p)
          L<<Logger::Error<<*p++<<endl;

        exit(1);
      }
      L<<Logger::Error<<"execvp returned!!"<<endl;
      // never reached
    }
    else if(pid>0) { // parent
      close(g_fd1[0]);
      close(g_fd2[1]);

      if(first) {
        first=false;
        signal(SIGTERM, takedown);

        signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
        signal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN);
        signal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN);

        writePid();
      }
      pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_guardian_lock);  
      int status;
      cpid=pid;
      for(;;) {
        int ret=waitpid(pid,&status,WNOHANG);

        if(ret<0) {
          L<<Logger::Error<<"In guardian loop, waitpid returned error: "<<strerror(errno)<<endl;
          L<<Logger::Error<<"Dying"<<endl;
          exit(1);
        }
        else if(ret) // something exited
          break;
        else { // child is alive
          // execute some kind of ping here 
          if(DLQuitPlease())
            takedown(1); // needs a parameter..
          setStatus("Child running on pid "+itoa(pid));
          sleep(1);
        }
      }

      pthread_mutex_lock(&g_guardian_lock);
      close(g_fd1[1]);
      fclose(g_fp);
      g_fp=0;

      if(WIFEXITED(status)) {
        int ret=WEXITSTATUS(status);

        if(ret==99) {
          L<<Logger::Error<<"Child requested a stop, exiting"<<endl;
          exit(1);
        }
        setStatus("Child died with code "+itoa(ret));
        L<<Logger::Error<<"Our pdns instance exited with code "<<ret<<", respawning"<<endl;

        sleep(1);
        continue;
      }
      if(WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
        int sig=WTERMSIG(status);
        setStatus("Child died because of signal "+itoa(sig));
        L<<Logger::Error<<"Our pdns instance ("<<pid<<") exited after signal "<<sig<<endl;
#ifdef WCOREDUMP
        if(WCOREDUMP(status)) 
          L<<Logger::Error<<"Dumped core"<<endl;
#endif

        L<<Logger::Error<<"Respawning"<<endl;
        sleep(1);
        continue;
      }
      L<<Logger::Error<<"No clue what happened! Respawning"<<endl;
    }
    else {
      L<<Logger::Error<<"Unable to fork: "<<strerror(errno)<<endl;
      exit(1);
    }
  }
}

static void UNIX_declareArguments()
{
  ::arg().set("config-dir","Location of configuration directory (pdns.conf)")=SYSCONFDIR;
  ::arg().set("config-name","Name of this virtual configuration - will rename the binary image")="";
  ::arg().set("socket-dir",string("Where the controlsocket will live, ")+LOCALSTATEDIR+" when unset and not chrooted" )="";
  ::arg().set("module-dir","Default directory for modules")=PKGLIBDIR;
  ::arg().set("chroot","If set, chroot to this directory for more security")="";
  ::arg().set("logging-facility","Log under a specific facility")="";
  ::arg().set("daemon","Operate as a daemon")="no";
}

static void loadModules()
{
  if(!::arg()["load-modules"].empty()) { 
    vector<string>modules;
    
    stringtok(modules,::arg()["load-modules"],", ");
    
    for(vector<string>::const_iterator i=modules.begin();i!=modules.end();++i) {
      bool res;
      const string &module=*i;
      
      if(module.find(".")==string::npos)
        res=UeberBackend::loadmodule(::arg()["module-dir"]+"/lib"+module+"backend.so");
      else if(module[0]=='/' || (module[0]=='.' && module[1]=='/') || (module[0]=='.' && module[1]=='.'))    // absolute or current path
        res=UeberBackend::loadmodule(module);
      else
        res=UeberBackend::loadmodule(::arg()["module-dir"]+"/"+module);
      
      if(res==false) {
        L<<Logger::Error<<"Receiver unable to load module "<<module<<endl;
        exit(1);
      }
    }
  }
}

#ifdef __GLIBC__
#include <execinfo.h>
static void tbhandler(int num)
{
  L<<Logger::Critical<<"Got a signal "<<num<<", attempting to print trace: "<<endl;
  void *array[20]; //only care about last 17 functions (3 taken with tracing support)
  size_t size;
  char **strings;
  size_t i;
  
  size = backtrace (array, 20);
  strings = backtrace_symbols (array, size); //Need -rdynamic gcc (linker) flag for this to work
  
  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) //skip useless functions
    L<<Logger::Error<<strings[i]<<endl;
  
  
  signal(SIGABRT, SIG_DFL);
  abort();//hopefully will give core

}
#endif

//! The main function of pdns, the pdns process
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  versionSetProduct(ProductAuthoritative);
  reportAllTypes(); // init MOADNSParser

  s_programname="pdns";
  s_starttime=time(0);

#ifdef __GLIBC__
  signal(SIGSEGV,tbhandler);
  signal(SIGFPE,tbhandler);
  signal(SIGABRT,tbhandler);
  signal(SIGILL,tbhandler);
#endif

#if __GNUC__ >= 3
  std::ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
#endif

  L.toConsole(Logger::Warning);
  try {
    declareArguments();
    UNIX_declareArguments();

    ::arg().laxParse(argc,argv); // do a lax parse
    
    if(::arg().mustDo("version")) {
      showProductVersion();
      showBuildConfiguration();
      exit(99);
    }

    if(::arg()["config-name"]!="") 
      s_programname+="-"+::arg()["config-name"];
    
    (void)theL(s_programname);
    
    string configname=::arg()["config-dir"]+"/"+s_programname+".conf";
    cleanSlashes(configname);

    if(!::arg().mustDo("config") && !::arg().mustDo("no-config")) // "config" == print a configuration file
      ::arg().laxFile(configname.c_str());
    
    ::arg().laxParse(argc,argv); // reparse so the commandline still wins
    if(!::arg()["logging-facility"].empty()) {
      int val=logFacilityToLOG(::arg().asNum("logging-facility") );
      if(val >= 0)
        theL().setFacility(val);
      else
        L<<Logger::Error<<"Unknown logging facility "<<::arg().asNum("logging-facility") <<endl;
    }

    L.setLoglevel((Logger::Urgency)(::arg().asNum("loglevel")));
    L.toConsole((Logger::Urgency)(::arg().asNum("loglevel")));  

    if(::arg().mustDo("help") || ::arg().mustDo("config")) {
      ::arg().set("daemon")="no";
      ::arg().set("guardian")="no";
    }

    if(::arg().mustDo("guardian") && !isGuarded(argv)) {
      if(::arg().mustDo("daemon")) {
        L.toConsole(Logger::Critical);
        daemonize();
      }
      guardian(argc, argv);  
      // never get here, guardian will reinvoke process
      cerr<<"Um, we did get here!"<<endl;
    }

    
    // we really need to do work - either standalone or as an instance

#ifdef __GLIBC__
    if(!::arg().mustDo("traceback-handler")) {
      L<<Logger::Warning<<"Disabling traceback handler"<<endl;
      signal(SIGSEGV,SIG_DFL);
      signal(SIGFPE,SIG_DFL);
      signal(SIGABRT,SIG_DFL);
      signal(SIGILL,SIG_DFL);
    }
#endif

    seedRandom(::arg()["entropy-source"]);

#ifdef HAVE_LIBSODIUM
      if (sodium_init() == -1) {
        cerr<<"Unable to initialize sodium crypto library"<<endl;
        exit(99);
      }
#endif
    
    loadModules();
    BackendMakers().launch(::arg()["launch"]); // vrooooom!

    if(!::arg().getCommands().empty()) {
      cerr<<"Fatal: non-option on the command line, perhaps a '--setting=123' statement missed the '='?"<<endl;
      exit(99);
    }
    
    if(::arg().mustDo("help")) {
      cout<<"syntax:"<<endl<<endl;
      cout<<::arg().helpstring(::arg()["help"])<<endl;
      exit(0);
    }
    
    if(::arg().mustDo("config")) {
      cout<<::arg().configstring()<<endl;
      exit(99);
    }

    if(::arg().mustDo("list-modules")) {
      auto modules = BackendMakers().getModules();
      cout<<"Modules available:"<<endl;
      for(const auto& m : modules)
        cout<< m <<endl;

      _exit(99);
    }

    if(!::arg().asNum("local-port")) {
      L<<Logger::Error<<"Unable to launch, binding to no port or port 0 makes no sense"<<endl;
      exit(99); // this isn't going to fix itself either
    }
    if(!BackendMakers().numLauncheable()) {
      L<<Logger::Error<<"Unable to launch, no backends configured for querying"<<endl;
      exit(99); // this isn't going to fix itself either
    }    
    if(::arg().mustDo("daemon")) {
      L.toConsole(Logger::None);
      if(!isGuarded(argv))
        daemonize();
    }

    if(isGuarded(argv)) {
      L<<Logger::Warning<<"This is a guarded instance of pdns"<<endl;
      dl=new DynListener; // listens on stdin 
    }
    else {
      L<<Logger::Warning<<"This is a standalone pdns"<<endl; 
      
      if(::arg().mustDo("control-console"))
        dl=new DynListener();
      else
        dl=new DynListener(s_programname);
      
      writePid();
    }
    DynListener::registerFunc("SHOW",&DLShowHandler, "show a specific statistic or * to get a list", "<statistic>");
    DynListener::registerFunc("RPING",&DLPingHandler, "ping instance");
    DynListener::registerFunc("QUIT",&DLRQuitHandler, "quit daemon");
    DynListener::registerFunc("UPTIME",&DLUptimeHandler, "get instance uptime");
    DynListener::registerFunc("NOTIFY-HOST",&DLNotifyHostHandler, "notify host for specific domain", "<domain> <host>");
    DynListener::registerFunc("NOTIFY",&DLNotifyHandler, "queue a notification", "<domain>");
    DynListener::registerFunc("RELOAD",&DLReloadHandler, "reload all zones");
    DynListener::registerFunc("REDISCOVER",&DLRediscoverHandler, "discover any new zones");
    DynListener::registerFunc("VERSION",&DLVersionHandler, "get instance version");
    DynListener::registerFunc("PURGE",&DLPurgeHandler, "purge entries from packet cache", "[<record>]");
    DynListener::registerFunc("CCOUNTS",&DLCCHandler, "get cache statistics");
    DynListener::registerFunc("QTYPES", &DLQTypesHandler, "get QType statistics");
    DynListener::registerFunc("RESPSIZES", &DLRSizesHandler, "get histogram of response sizes");
    DynListener::registerFunc("REMOTES", &DLRemotesHandler, "get top remotes");
    DynListener::registerFunc("SET",&DLSettingsHandler, "set config variables", "<var> <value>");
    DynListener::registerFunc("RETRIEVE",&DLNotifyRetrieveHandler, "retrieve slave domain", "<domain>");
    DynListener::registerFunc("CURRENT-CONFIG",&DLCurrentConfigHandler, "retrieve the current configuration");
    DynListener::registerFunc("LIST-ZONES",&DLListZones, "show list of zones", "[master|slave|native]");
    DynListener::registerFunc("POLICY",&DLPolicy, "interact with policy engine", "[policy command]");
    DynListener::registerFunc("TOKEN-LOGIN", &DLTokenLogin, "Login to a PKCS#11 token", "<module> <slot> <pin>");

    if(!::arg()["tcp-control-address"].empty()) {
      DynListener* dlTCP=new DynListener(ComboAddress(::arg()["tcp-control-address"], ::arg().asNum("tcp-control-port")));
      dlTCP->go();
    }

    // reparse, with error checking
    if(!::arg().mustDo("no-config"))
      ::arg().file(configname.c_str());
    ::arg().parse(argc,argv);

    if(::arg()["server-id"].empty()) {
      char tmp[128];
      gethostname(tmp, sizeof(tmp)-1);
      ::arg().set("server-id")=tmp;
    }

    UeberBackend::go();
    N=new UDPNameserver; // this fails when we are not root, throws exception
    
    if(!::arg().mustDo("disable-tcp"))
      TN=new TCPNameserver; 
  }
  catch(const ArgException &A) {
    L<<Logger::Error<<"Fatal error: "<<A.reason<<endl;
    exit(1);
  }
  
  declareStats();
  DLOG(L<<Logger::Warning<<"Verbose logging in effect"<<endl);

  showProductVersion();

  try {
    mainthread();
  }
  catch(PDNSException &AE) {
    if(!::arg().mustDo("daemon"))
      cerr<<"Exiting because: "<<AE.reason<<endl;
    L<<Logger::Error<<"Exiting because: "<<AE.reason<<endl;
  }      
  catch(std::exception &e) {
    if(!::arg().mustDo("daemon"))
      cerr<<"Exiting because of STL error: "<<e.what()<<endl;
    L<<Logger::Error<<"Exiting because of STL error: "<<e.what()<<endl;
  }
  catch(...) {
    cerr<<"Uncaught exception of unknown type - sorry"<<endl;
  }

  exit(1);
  
}


