# This file is part of Checkbox.
#
# Copyright 2012-2014 Canonical Ltd.
# Written by:
# Zygmunt Krynicki <zygmunt.krynicki@canonical.com>
#
# Checkbox is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3,
# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# Checkbox is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Checkbox. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""
:mod:`plainbox.impl.secure.plugins` -- interface for accessing extension points
===============================================================================
This module contains plugin interface for plainbox. Plugins are based on
pkg_resources entry points feature. Any python package can advertise the
existence of entry points associated with a given namespace. Any other
package can query a given namespace and enumerate a sequence of entry points.
Each entry point has a name and importable identifier. The identifier can
be imported using the load() method. A loaded entry point is exposed as an
instance of :class:`PlugIn`. A high-level collection of plugins (that may
eventually also query alternate backends) is offered by
:class:`PlugInCollection`.
Using :meth:`PlugInCollection.load()` one can load all plugins from
a particular namespace and work with them using provided utility methods
such as :meth:`PlugInCollection.get_by_name()` or
:meth:`PlugInCollection.get_all_names()`
The set of loaded plugins can be overridden by mock/patching
:meth:`PlugInCollection._get_entry_points()`. This is especially useful for
testing in isolation from whatever entry points may exist in the system.
"""
import abc
import collections
import contextlib
import logging
import os
import time
import pkg_resources
from plainbox.i18n import gettext as _
logger = logging.getLogger("plainbox.secure.plugins")
[docs]def now() -> float:
"""
Get the current "time".
:returns:
A fractional number of seconds since some undefined base event.
This methods returns the current "time" that is useful for measuring
plug-in loading time. The return value is meaningless but delta between
two values is a fractional number of seconds between the two
corresponding events.
"""
try:
# time.perf_counter is only available since python 3.3
return time.perf_counter()
except AttributeError:
return time.clock()
[docs]class IPlugIn(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
"""
Piece of code loaded at runtime, one of many for a given extension point
"""
@abc.abstractproperty
[docs] def plugin_name(self) -> str:
"""
name of the plugin, may not be unique
"""
@abc.abstractproperty
[docs] def plugin_object(self) -> object:
"""
external object
"""
@abc.abstractproperty
[docs] def plugin_load_time(self) -> float:
"""
time, in fractional seconds, that was needed to load the plugin
"""
@abc.abstractproperty
[docs] def plugin_wrap_time(self) -> float:
"""
time, in fractional seconds, that was needed to wrap the plugin
.. note::
The difference between ``plugin_wrap_time`` and
``plugin_load_time`` depends on context. In practical terms the sum
of the two is interesting for analysis but in some cases having
access to both may be important.
"""
[docs]class PlugInError(Exception):
"""
Exception that may be raised by PlugIn.__init__() to signal it cannot
be fully loaded and should not be added to any collection.
"""
[docs]class PlugIn(IPlugIn):
"""
Simple plug-in that does not offer any guarantees beyond knowing it's name
and some arbitrary external object.
"""
def __init__(self, name: str, obj: object, load_time: float=0, wrap_time: float=0):
"""
Initialize the plug-in with the specified name and external object
:param name:
Name of the plug-in object, semantics is application-defined
:param obj:
The plugged in object itself
:param load_time:
Time it took to load the object (in fractional seconds)
:param wrap_time:
Time it took to wrap the object (in fractional seconds)
"""
self._name = name
self._obj = obj
self._load_time = load_time
self._wrap_time = wrap_time
def __repr__(self):
return "<{!s} plugin_name:{!r}>".format(
type(self).__name__, self.plugin_name)
@property
[docs] def plugin_name(self) -> str:
"""
plugin name, arbitrary string
"""
return self._name
@property
[docs] def plugin_object(self) -> float:
"""
plugin object, arbitrary object
"""
return self._obj
@property
[docs] def plugin_load_time(self) -> float:
"""
time, in fractional seconds, that was needed to load the plugin
"""
return self._load_time
@property
[docs] def plugin_wrap_time(self) -> float:
"""
time, in fractional seconds, that was needed to wrap the plugin
"""
return self._wrap_time
[docs]class IPlugInCollection(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
"""
A collection of IPlugIn objects.
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def get_by_name(self, name):
"""
Get the specified plug-in (by name)
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def get_all_names(self):
"""
Get an iterator to a sequence of plug-in names
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def get_all_plugins(self):
"""
Get an iterator to a sequence plug-ins
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def get_all_plugin_objects(self):
"""
Get an list of plug-in objects
This is a shortcut that gives fastest access to a list of
:attr:`IPlugIn.plugin_object` of each loaded plugin.
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def get_all_items(self):
"""
Get an iterator to a sequence of (name, plug-in)
"""
@abc.abstractproperty
[docs] def problem_list(self):
"""
List of problems encountered while loading plugins
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def load(self):
"""
Load all plug-ins.
This method loads all plug-ins from the specified name-space. It may
perform a lot of IO so it's somewhat slow / expensive on a cold disk
cache.
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
@contextlib.contextmanager
[docs] def fake_plugins(self, plugins, problem_list=None):
"""
Context manager for using fake list of plugins
:param plugins:
list of PlugIn-alike objects
:param problem_list:
list of problems (exceptions)
The provided list of plugins and exceptions overrides any previously
loaded plugins and prevent loading any other, real, plugins. After the
context manager exits the previous state is restored.
"""
@abc.abstractproperty
[docs] def discovery_time(self) -> float:
"""
Time, in fractional seconds, that was used to discover all objects.
This time is separate from the load and wrap time of all each
individual plug-in. Typically this is either a fixed cost or a
predictable cost related to traversing the file system.
"""
@abc.abstractmethod
[docs] def get_total_time(self) -> float:
"""
Get the cost to prepare everything required by this collection
:returns:
The total number of fractional seconds of wall-clock time spent on
discovering, loading and wrapping each object now contained in this
collection.
"""
[docs]class PlugInCollectionBase(IPlugInCollection):
"""
Base class that shares some of the implementation with the other
PlugInCollection implemenetations.
"""
def __init__(self, load=False, wrapper=PlugIn, *wrapper_args,
**wrapper_kwargs):
"""
Initialize a collection of plug-ins
:param load:
if true, load all of the plug-ins now
:param wrapper:
wrapper class for all loaded objects, defaults to :class:`PlugIn`
:param wrapper_args:
additional arguments passed to each instantiated wrapper
:param wrapper_kwargs:
additional keyword arguments passed to each instantiated wrapper
"""
self._wrapper = wrapper
self._wrapper_args = wrapper_args
self._wrapper_kwargs = wrapper_kwargs
self._plugins = collections.OrderedDict() # str -> IPlugIn instance
self._loaded = False
self._problem_list = []
self._discovery_time = 0
if load:
self.load()
[docs] def get_by_name(self, name):
"""
Get the specified plug-in (by name)
:param name:
name of the plugin to locate
:returns:
:class:`PlugIn` like object associated with the name
:raises KeyError:
if the specified name cannot be found
"""
return self._plugins[name]
[docs] def get_all_names(self):
"""
Get a list of all the plug-in names
:returns:
a list of plugin names
"""
return list(self._plugins.keys())
[docs] def get_all_plugins(self):
"""
Get a list of all the plug-ins
:returns:
a list of plugin objects
"""
return list(self._plugins.values())
[docs] def get_all_plugin_objects(self):
"""
Get an list of plug-in objects
"""
return [plugin.plugin_object for plugin in self._plugins.values()]
[docs] def get_all_items(self):
"""
Get a list of all the pairs of plugin name and plugin
:returns:
a list of tuples (plugin.plugin_name, plugin)
"""
return list(self._plugins.items())
@property
[docs] def problem_list(self):
"""
List of problems encountered while loading plugins
"""
return self._problem_list
@contextlib.contextmanager
[docs] def fake_plugins(self, plugins, problem_list=None):
"""
Context manager for using fake list of plugins
:param plugins:
list of PlugIn-alike objects
:param problem_list:
list of problems (exceptions)
The provided list of plugins overrides any previously loaded
plugins and prevent loading any other, real, plugins. After
the context manager exits the previous state is restored.
"""
old_loaded = self._loaded
old_problem_list = self._problem_list
old_plugins = self._plugins
self._loaded = True
self._plugins = collections.OrderedDict([
(plugin.plugin_name, plugin)
for plugin in plugins
])
if problem_list is None:
problem_list = []
self._problem_list = problem_list
try:
yield
finally:
self._loaded = old_loaded
self._plugins = old_plugins
self._problem_list = old_problem_list
[docs] def wrap_and_add_plugin(self, plugin_name, plugin_obj, plugin_load_time):
"""
Internal method of PlugInCollectionBase.
:param plugin_name:
plugin name, some arbitrary string
:param plugin_obj:
plugin object, some arbitrary object.
:param plugin_load_time:
number of seconds it took to load this plugin
This method prepares a wrapper (PlugIn subclass instance) for the
specified plugin name/object by attempting to instantiate the wrapper
class. If a PlugInError exception is raised then it is added to the
problem_list and the corresponding plugin is not added to the
collection of plugins.
"""
try:
wrapper = self._wrapper(
plugin_name, plugin_obj, plugin_load_time,
*self._wrapper_args, **self._wrapper_kwargs)
except PlugInError as exc:
logger.warning(
_("Unable to prepare plugin %s: %s"), plugin_name, exc)
self._problem_list.append(exc)
else:
self._plugins[plugin_name] = wrapper
@property
[docs] def discovery_time(self) -> float:
"""
Time, in fractional seconds, that was required to discover all objects.
This time is separate from the load and wrap time of all each
individual plug-in. Typically this is either a fixed cost or a
predictable cost related to traversing the file system.
"""
if self._loaded is False:
raise AttributeError(
_("discovery_time is meaningful after calling load()"))
return self._discovery_time
[docs] def get_total_time(self) -> float:
"""
Get the sum of load and wrap time of each plugin object
:returns:
The total number of fractional seconds of wall-clock time spent by
loading this collection. This value doesn't include some small
overhead of this class but is representative of the load times of
pluggable code.
"""
return sum(
plugin.plugin_load_time + plugin.plugin_wrap_time
for plugin in self._plugins.values()) + self.discovery_time
[docs]class PkgResourcesPlugInCollection(PlugInCollectionBase):
"""
Collection of plug-ins based on pkg_resources
Instantiate with :attr:`namespace`, call :meth:`load()` and then access any
of the loaded plug-ins using the API offered. All loaded objects are
wrapped by a plug-in container. By default that is :class:`PlugIn` but it
may be adjusted if required.
"""
def __init__(self, namespace, load=False, wrapper=PlugIn, *wrapper_args,
**wrapper_kwargs):
"""
Initialize a collection of plug-ins from the specified name-space.
:param namespace:
pkg_resources entry-point name-space of the plug-in collection
:param load:
if true, load all of the plug-ins now
:param wrapper:
wrapper class for all loaded objects, defaults to :class:`PlugIn`
:param wrapper_args:
additional arguments passed to each instantiated wrapper
:param wrapper_kwargs:
additional keyword arguments passed to each instantiated wrapper
"""
self._namespace = namespace
super().__init__(load, wrapper, *wrapper_args, **wrapper_kwargs)
[docs] def load(self):
"""
Load all plug-ins.
This method loads all plug-ins from the specified name-space. It may
perform a lot of IO so it's somewhat slow / expensive on a cold disk
cache.
.. note::
this method queries pkg-resources only once.
"""
if self._loaded:
return
self._loaded = True
start_time = now()
entry_point_list = list(self._get_entry_points())
entry_point_list.sort(key=lambda ep: ep.name)
self._discovery_time = now() - start_time
for entry_point in entry_point_list:
start_time = now()
try:
obj = entry_point.load()
except ImportError as exc:
logger.exception(_("Unable to import %s"), entry_point)
self._problem_list.append(exc)
else:
self.wrap_and_add_plugin(
entry_point.name, obj, now() - start_time)
def _get_entry_points(self):
"""
Get entry points from pkg_resources.
This is the method you want to mock if you are writing unit tests
"""
return pkg_resources.iter_entry_points(self._namespace)
[docs]class FsPlugInCollection(PlugInCollectionBase):
"""
Collection of plug-ins based on filesystem entries
Instantiate with :attr:`dir_list` and :attr:`ext`, call :meth:`load()` and
then access any of the loaded plug-ins using the API offered. All loaded
plugin information files are wrapped by a plug-in container. By default
that is :class:`PlugIn` but it may be adjusted if required.
The name of each plugin is the base name of the plugin file, the object of
each plugin is the text read from the plugin file.
"""
def __init__(self, dir_list, ext, recursive=False, load=False,
wrapper=PlugIn, *wrapper_args, **wrapper_kwargs):
"""
Initialize a collection of plug-ins from the specified name-space.
:param dir_list:
a list of directories to search
:param ext:
extension of each plugin definition file (or a list of those)
:param recursive:
a flag that indicates if we should perform recursive search
(default False)
:param load:
if true, load all of the plug-ins now
:param wrapper:
wrapper class for all loaded objects, defaults to :class:`PlugIn`
:param wrapper_args:
additional arguments passed to each instantiated wrapper
:param wrapper_kwargs:
additional keyword arguments passed to each instantiated wrapper
"""
if (not isinstance(dir_list, list)
or not all(isinstance(item, str) for item in dir_list)):
raise TypeError("dir_list needs to be List[str]")
self._dir_list = dir_list
self._ext = ext
self._recursive = recursive
super().__init__(load, wrapper, *wrapper_args, **wrapper_kwargs)
[docs] def load(self):
"""
Load all plug-ins.
This method loads all plug-ins from the search directories (as defined
by the path attribute). Missing directories are silently ignored.
"""
if self._loaded:
return
self._loaded = True
start_time = now()
filename_list = list(self._get_plugin_files())
filename_list.sort()
self._discovery_time = now() - start_time
for filename in filename_list:
start_time = now()
try:
text = self._get_file_text(filename)
except (OSError, IOError) as exc:
logger.error(_("Unable to load %r: %s"), filename, str(exc))
self._problem_list.append(exc)
else:
self.wrap_and_add_plugin(filename, text, now() - start_time)
def _get_file_text(self, filename):
with open(filename, encoding='UTF-8') as stream:
return stream.read()
def _get_plugin_files(self):
"""
Enumerate (generate) all plugin files according to 'path' and 'ext'
"""
# Look in all parts of 'path' separated by standard system path
# separator.
for dirname in self._dir_list:
if self._recursive:
entries = []
for base_dir, dirs, files in os.walk(dirname):
entries.extend([
os.path.relpath(
os.path.join(base_dir, filename), dirname)
for filename in files])
else:
# List all files in each path component
try:
entries = os.listdir(dirname)
except OSError:
# Silently ignore anything we cannot access
continue
# Look at each file there
for entry in entries:
# Skip files with other extensions
if isinstance(self._ext, str):
if not entry.endswith(self._ext):
continue
elif isinstance(self._ext, collections.Sequence):
for ext in self._ext:
if entry.endswith(ext):
break
else:
continue
info_file = os.path.join(dirname, entry)
# Skip all non-files
if not os.path.isfile(info_file):
continue
yield info_file
[docs]class LazyFileContent:
"""
Support class for FsPlugInCollection's subclasses that behaves like a
string of text loaded from a file. The actual text is loaded on demand, the
first time it is needed.
The actual methods implemented here are just enough to work for loading a
provider. Since __getattr__() is implemented the class should be pretty
versatile but your millage may vary.
"""
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self._text = None
def __repr__(self):
return "<{} name:{!r}{}>".format(
self.__class__.__name__, self.name,
' (pending)' if self._text is None else ' (loaded)')
def __str__(self):
self._ensure_loaded()
return self._text
def __iter__(self):
self._ensure_loaded()
return iter(self._text.splitlines(True))
def __getattr__(self, attr):
self._ensure_loaded()
return getattr(self._text, attr)
def _ensure_loaded(self):
if self._text is None:
with open(self.name, encoding='UTF-8') as stream:
self._text = stream.read()
[docs]class LazyFsPlugInCollection(FsPlugInCollection):
"""
Collection of plug-ins based on filesystem entries
Instantiate with :attr:`dir_list` and :attr:`ext`, call :meth:`load()` and
then access any of the loaded plug-ins using the API offered. All loaded
plugin information files are wrapped by a plug-in container. By default
that is :class:`PlugIn` but it may be adjusted if required.
The name of each plugin is the base name of the plugin file, the object of
each plugin is a handle that can be used to optionally load the content of
the file.
"""
def _get_file_text(self, filename):
return LazyFileContent(filename)
[docs]class LazyPlugInCollection(PlugInCollectionBase):
"""
Collection of plug-ins based on a mapping of imported objects
All loaded plugin information files are wrapped by a plug-in container. By
default that is :class:`PlugIn` but it may be adjusted if required.
"""
def __init__(self, mapping, load=False, wrapper=PlugIn,
*wrapper_args, **wrapper_kwargs):
"""
Initialize a collection of plug-ins from the specified mapping of
callbacks.
:param callback_args_map:
any mapping from from any string (the plugin name) to a tuple
("module:obj", *args) that if imported and called ``obj(*args)``
produces the plugin object, alternatively, a mapping from the same
string to a string that is imported but *not* called.
:param load:
if true, load all of the plug-ins now
:param wrapper:
wrapper class for all loaded objects, defaults to :class:`PlugIn`
:param wrapper_args:
additional arguments passed to each instantiated wrapper
:param wrapper_kwargs:
additional keyword arguments passed to each instantiated wrapper
"""
self._mapping = mapping
super().__init__(load, wrapper, *wrapper_args, **wrapper_kwargs)
[docs] def load(self):
if self._loaded:
return
logger.debug(_("Loading everything in %r"), self)
self._loaded = True
name_discovery_data_list = self.discover()
for name, discovery_data in name_discovery_data_list:
if name in self._plugins:
continue
self.load_one(name, discovery_data)
[docs] def discover(self):
start = now()
result = self.do_discover()
self._discovery_time = now() - start
return result
[docs] def load_one(self, name, discovery_data):
start_time = now()
try:
logger.debug(_("Loading %r"), name)
obj = self.do_load_one(name, discovery_data)
except (ImportError, AttributeError, ValueError) as exc:
logger.exception(_("Unable to load: %r"), name)
self._problem_list.append(exc)
else:
logger.debug(_("Wrapping %r"), name)
self.wrap_and_add_plugin(name, obj, now() - start_time)
[docs] def do_discover(self):
return self._mapping.items()
[docs] def do_load_one(self, name, discovery_data):
if isinstance(discovery_data, tuple):
callable_obj = discovery_data[0]
args = discovery_data[1:]
else:
callable_obj = discovery_data
args = None
if isinstance(callable_obj, str):
logger.debug(_("Importing %s"), callable_obj)
callable_obj = getattr(
__import__(
callable_obj.split(':', 1)[0], fromlist=[1]),
callable_obj.split(':', 1)[1])
logger.debug(_("Calling %r with %r"), callable_obj, args)
if args is None:
return callable_obj
else:
return callable_obj(*args)
[docs] def get_all_names(self):
"""
Get a list of all the plug-in names
:returns:
a list of plugin names
"""
if self._loaded:
return super().get_all_names()
else:
return list(self._mapping.keys())
[docs] def get_by_name(self, name):
"""
Get the specified plug-in (by name)
:param name:
name of the plugin to locate
:returns:
:class:`PlugIn` like object associated with the name
:raises KeyError:
if the specified name cannot be found
"""
if self._loaded:
return super().get_by_name(name)
if name not in self._plugins:
discovery_data = self._mapping[name]
self.load_one(name, discovery_data)
return self._plugins[name]
@property
[docs] def discovery_time(self) -> float:
"""
Time, in fractional seconds, that was required to discover all objects.
This time is separate from the load and wrap time of all each
individual plug-in. Typically this is either a fixed cost or a
predictable cost related to traversing the file system.
.. note::
This overridden version can be called at any time, unlike the base
class implementation. Before all discovery is done, it simply
returns zero.
"""
return self._discovery_time
@contextlib.contextmanager
[docs] def fake_plugins(self, plugins, problem_list=None):
old_mapping = self._mapping
self._mapping = {} # fake the mapping
try:
with super().fake_plugins(plugins, problem_list):
yield
finally:
self._mapping = old_mapping