The DBI package is a vendor independent interface for accessing databases.
It is similar, but not identical to, Perl's DBI module.
Synopsis
require 'dbi'
# Connect to a database, old style
dbh = DBI.connect('DBI:Mysql:test', 'testuser', 'testpwd')
# Insert some rows, use placeholders
1.upto(13) do |i|
sql = "insert into simple01 (SongName, SongLength_s) VALUES (?, ?)"
dbh.do(sql, "Song #{i}", "#{i*10}")
end
# Select all rows from simple01
sth = dbh.prepare('select * from simple01')
sth.execute
# Print out each row
while row=sth.fetch do
p row
end
# Close the statement handle when done
sth.finish
# Don't prepare, just do it!
dbh.do('delete from simple01 where internal_id > 10')
# And finally, disconnect
dbh.disconnect
# Same example, but a little more Ruby-ish
DBI.connect('DBI:Mysql:test', 'testuser', 'testpwd') do | dbh |
sql = "insert into simple01 (SongName, SongLength_s) VALUES (?, ?)"
dbh.prepare(sql) do | sth |
1.upto(13) { |i| sth.execute("Song #{i}", "#{i*10}") }
end
dbh.select_all('select * from simple01') do | row |
p row
end
dbh.do('delete from simple01 where internal_id > 10')
end
Prerequisites
Ruby 1.8.6 or later is the test target, however you may have success with
earlier 1.8.x versions of Ruby.
RubyForge Project
General information: http://ruby-dbi.rubyforge.org
Project information: http://rubyforge.org/projects/ruby-dbi/
Downloads: http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=234
Installation
There are many database drivers (DBDs) available. You only need to install
the DBDs for the database software that you will be using.
Gem setup:
gem install dbi
# One or more of:
gem install dbd-mysql
gem install dbd-pg
gem install dbd-sqlite3
gem install dbd-sqlite
Without rubygems:
ruby setup.rb config
ruby setup.rb setup
ruby setup.rb install
The bleeding edge:
git clone git://hollensbe.org/git/ruby-dbi.git
git checkout -b development origin/development
Also available at
git clone git://github.com/erikh/ruby-dbi.git
Available Database Drivers (DBDs)
DBD::MySQL
MySQL
Depends on the mysql-ruby package from http://www.tmtm.org/mysql or
available from the RAA.
DBD::ODBC
ODBC
Depends on the ruby-odbc package (0.5 or later, 0.9.3 or later recommended) at
http://www.ch-werner.de/rubyodbc or available from the RAA. Works together
with unix-odbc.
DBD::OCI8
OCI8 (Oracle)
Depends on the the ruby-oci8 package, available on the RAA and RubyForge.
DBD::Pg
PostgreSQL
Depends on the pg package, available on RubyForge.
DBD::SQLite
SQLite (versions 2.x and earlier)
Depends on the sqlite-ruby package, available on rubyforge.
DBD::SQLite3
SQLite 3.x
Depends on the sqlite3-ruby package, available on rubyforge.
Additional Documentation
See the directories doc/* for DBI and DBD specific information.
The DBI specification is at doc/DBI_SPEC.rdoc.
The DBD specification is at doc/DBD_SPEC.rdoc.
Articles
Tutorial: Using the Ruby DBI Module
http://www.kitebird.com/articles/ruby-dbi.html
Applications
dbi
The SQL command line interpreter dbi is available in directory
bin/. It gets installed by default.
License
Copyright (c) 2008 Erik Hollensbe
Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Kirk Haines, Francis Hwang, Patrick May and Daniel
Berger.
Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Michael Neumann <mneumann@ntecs.de>
and others (see the beginning of each file for copyright holder information).
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL
THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
This is the BSD license which is less restrictive than GNU's GPL
(General Public License).
Contributors
Pistos
Too much to specify. Infinite patience and help.
Christopher Maujean
Lots of initial help when reviving the project.
Jun Mukai <mukai@jmuk.org>
Contributed initial SQLite3 DBD.
John J. Fox IV
Lots of help testing on multiple platforms.
Kirk Haines
One of the authors of the rewrite effort (January 2006).
Francis Hwang
One of the authors of the rewrite effort (January 2006).
Patrick May
One of the authors of the rewrite effort (January 2006).
Daniel Berger
One of the authors of the rewrite effort (January 2006).
Michael Neumann
Original author of Ruby/DBI; wrote the DBI and most of the DBDs.
Rainer Perl
Author of Ruby/DBI 0.0.4 from which many good ideas were taken.
Jim Weirich
Original author of DBD::Pg. Wrote additional code (e.g. sql.rb,
testcases). Gave many helpful hints and comments.
Eli Green
Implemented DatabaseHandle#columns for Mysql and Pg.
Masatoshi SEKI
For his version of module BasicQuote in sql.rb.
John Gorman
For his case insensitive load_driver patch and parameter parser.
David Muse
For testing the DBD::SQLRelay and for his initial DBD.
Jim Menard
Extended DBD::Oracle for method columns.
Joseph McDonald
Fixed bug in DBD::Pg (default values in method columns).
Norbert Gawor
Fixed bug in DBD::ODBC (method columns) and proxyserver.
James F. Hranicky
Patch for DBD::Pg (cache PGResult#result in Tuples) which increased
performance by a factor around 100.
Stephen Davies
Added method Statement#fetch_scroll for DBD::Pg.
Dave Thomas
Several enhancements.
Brad Hilton
Column coercing patch for DBD::Mysql.
Sean Chittenden
Originally a co-owner of the project. Submitted several patches
and helped with lots of comments.
MoonWolf
Provided the quote/escape_byte patch for DBD::Pg, DBD::SQLite patch and
Database#columns implementation. Further patches.
Paul DuBois
Fixed typos and formatting. Maintains DBD::Mysql.
Tim Bates
Bug fixes for Mysql and DBI.
Brian Candler
Zero-padding date/time/timestamps fix.
Florian G. Pflug
Discussion and helpful comments/benchmarks about DBD::Pg async_exec vs.
exec.
Oliver M. Bolzer
Patches to support Postgres arrays for DBD::Pg.
Stephen R. Veit
ruby-db2 and DBD::DB2 enhancements.
Dennis Vshivkov
DBD::Pg patches
Cail Borrell from frontbase.com
For the Frontbase DBD and C interface.